1 GNU Wget NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.
3 Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
4 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 See the end for copying conditions.
7 Please send GNU Wget bug reports to <bug-wget@gnu.org>.
9 * Changes in Wget 1.12 (MAINLINE)
11 ** --default-page option added to support alternative default names for
14 ** Added support for CSS. This includes:
15 - Parsing links from CSS files, and from CSS content found in HTML
16 style tags and attributes.
17 - Supporting conversion of links found within CSS content, when
18 --convert-links is specified.
19 - Ensuring that CSS files end in the ".css" filename extension,
20 when --convert-links is specified.
22 CSS support in Wget is thanks to Ted Mielczarek
23 <ted.mielczarek@gmail.com>.
25 ** --ask-password option (and associated wgetrc command) added to
26 support password prompts at the console.
28 ** The --input-file option now also handles retrieving links from
31 * Changes in Wget 1.11.4
33 ** Fixed an issue (apparently a regression) where -O would refuse to
34 download when -nc was given, even though the file didn't exist.
36 ** Fixed a situation where Wget could abort with --continue if the
37 remote server gives a content-length of zero when the file exists
40 ** Fixed a crash on some systems, due to Wget casting a pointer-to-long
41 to a pointer-to-time_t.
43 ** Translation updates for Catalan.
45 * Changes in Wget 1.11.3
47 ** Downgraded -N with -O to a warning, rather than an error.
49 ** Translation updates
51 * Changes in Wget 1.11.2
53 ** Fixed a problem in authenticating over HTTPS through a proxy.
54 (Regression in 1.11 over 1.10.2.)
56 ** The combination of -r or -p with -O, which was disallowed in 1.11,
57 has been downgraded to a warning in 1.11.2. (-O and -N, which was never
58 meaningful, is still an error.)
60 ** Further improvements to progress bar displays in non-English locales
61 (too many spaces could be inserted, causing the display to scroll).
63 ** Successive invocations of Wget on FTP URLS, with --no-remove-listing
64 and --continue, was causing Wget to append, rather than replace,
65 information in the .listing file, and thereby download the same files
66 multiple times. This has been fixed in 1.11.2.
68 ** Wget 1.11 no longer allowed ".." to persist at the beginning of URLs,
69 for improved conformance with RFC 3986. However, this behavior presents
70 problems for some FTP setups, and so they are now preserved again, for
73 * Changes in Wget 1.11.1.
75 ** Interrupted downloads no longer result in renaming the file
76 (regression in 1.11 over 1.10.2).
78 ** Progress bar now displays correctly in non-English locales (and a
79 related assertion failure was fixed).
81 ** Wget no longer issues a GET request over HTTP for files it should
82 know it's not going to download (regression in 1.11 over 1.10.2).
84 ** Added option --auth-no-challenge, to support broken pre-1.11
85 authentication-before-server-challenge, which turns out to still be
86 useful for some limited cases.
88 ** Documentation of accept/reject lists in the manual's "Types of
89 Files" section now explains various aspects of their behavior that may
90 be surprising, and notes that they may change in the future.
92 ** Documentation of --no-parents now explains how a trailing slash, or
93 lack thereof, in the specified URL, will affect behavior.
95 * Changes in Wget 1.11.
97 ** Timestamping now uses the value from the most recent HTTP response,
98 rather than the first one it got.
100 ** Authentication information is no longer sent as part of the Referer
101 header in recursive fetches.
103 ** No authentication credentials are sent until a challenge is issued,
104 for improved security. Authentication handling is still not
105 RFC-compliant, as once a Basic challenge has been received, it will
106 assume it can send credentials to any URL at that same host, and not
107 just the ones at or below the original authenticated location.
108 Credentials for Digest authentication are still never saved or issued
109 automatically, and continue to require a challenge for each resource.
111 ** Added --max-redirect option, allowing the user to specify what should
112 be the maximum number of HTTP redirects to follow.
114 ** Wget now supports saving HTTP downloads using file names specified by
115 the `Content-Disposition' header. This is a standard way of specifying
116 the file name used by many web dynamically generated pages. However, the
117 current implementation is inefficient, and known to have bugs. It is
118 EXPERIMENTAL only, and not enabled by default. Use --content-disposition
121 ** The new option `--ignore-case' makes Wget ignore case when
122 matching files, directories, and wildcards. This affects the -X, -I,
123 -A, and -R options, as well as globbing in FTP URLs.
125 ** ETA projection is now displayed in "dot" progress output as well as
126 in the default progress bar. (The dot progress is used by default when
127 logging Wget's output to file using the `-o' option.)
129 ** The "lockable boolean" argument type is no longer supported. It
130 was only used by the passive_ftp .wgetrc setting. If you're running
131 broken scripts or Perl modules that unconditionally specify
132 `--passive-ftp' and your firewall disallows it, you can override them
133 by replacing wget with a script that execs wget "$@" --no-passive-ftp.
135 ** The source code has been migrated to Mercurial. The repositories are
136 available at http://hg.addictivecode.org/. Prior to this, the source
137 code was hosted on Subversion (migrated from the original CVS); you can
138 still get access to older tags and branches for Wget in the Subversion
139 repository at http://addictivecode.org/svn/wget/.
141 * Changes in Wget 1.10.
143 ** Downloading files larger than 2GB, sometimes referred to as "large
144 files", now works on systems that support them. This includes the
145 majority of modern Unixes, as well as MS Windows.
147 ** IPv6 is now supported by Wget. Unlike the experimental code in
148 1.9, this version supports dual-family systems. The new flags
149 `--inet4' and `--inet6' (or `-4' and `-6' for short) force the use of
150 IPv4 and IPv6 respectively. Note that IPv6 support has not yet been
153 ** Microsoft's proprietary "NTLM" method of HTTP authentication is now
154 supported. This authentication method is undocumented and only used
155 by IIS. Note that *proxy* authentication is not supported in this
156 release; you can only authenticate to the target web site.
158 ** Wget no longer truncates partially downloaded files when download
159 has to start over because the server doesn't support Range. Instead,
160 with such servers Wget now simply ignores the data up to the byte
161 where the last attempt left off, and only then continues appending to
162 the file. That way the downloaded file never shrinks, and download
163 retries from servers without support for partial downloads work even
164 when downloading to stdout.
168 *** SSL/TLS downloads now attempt to verify the server's certificate
169 against the recognized certificate authorities. This requires CA
170 certificates to have been installed in a location visible to the
171 OpenSSL library. If this is not the case, you can get the bundle
172 yourself from a source you trust (for example, the bundle extracted
173 from Mozilla available at http://curl.haxx.se/docs/caextract.html),
174 and point Wget to the PEM file using the `--ca-certificate'
175 command-line option or the corresponding `.wgetrc' command.
177 *** Secure downloads now verify that the host name in the URL matches
178 the "common name" in the certificate presented by the server.
180 *** Although the above checks provide more secure downloads, they
181 unavoidably break interoperability with some sites that worked with
182 previous versions, particularly those using self-signed, expired, or
183 otherwise invalid certificates. If you encounter "certificate
184 verification" errors or complaints that "common name doesn't match
185 requested host name" and are convinced of the site's authenticity, you
186 can use `--no-check-certificate' to bypass both checks.
188 *** Talking to SSL/TLS servers over proxies now actually works.
189 Previous versions of Wget erroneously sent GET requests for https
190 URLs. Wget 1.10 utilizes the CONNECT method designed for this
193 *** The SSL/TLS-related options have been redesigned and, for the
194 first time, documented in the manual. The old, undocumented, options
195 are no longer supported.
197 ** Passive FTP is now the default FTP transfer mode. Use
198 `--no-passive-ftp' or specify `passive_ftp = off' in your init file to
199 revert to the old behavior.
201 ** The `--header' option can now be used to override generated
202 headers. For example, `wget --header="Host: foo.bar"
203 http://127.0.0.1' tells Wget to connect to localhost, but to specify
204 "foo.bar" in the `Host' header. In previous versions such use of
205 `--header' lead to duplicate headers in HTTP requests.
207 ** The responses without headers, aka "HTTP 0.9" responses, are
208 detected and handled. Although HTTP 0.9 has long been obsolete, it is
209 still occasionally used, sometimes by accident.
211 ** The progress bar is now updated regularly even when the data does
212 not arrive from the network.
214 ** Wget no longer preserves permissions of files retrieved by FTP by
215 default. Anonymous FTP servers frequently use permissions like "664",
216 which might not be what the user wants. The new option
217 `--preserve-permissions' and the corresponding `.wgetrc' variable can
218 be used to revert to the old behavior.
220 ** The new option `--protocol-directories' instructs Wget to also use
221 the protocol name as a directory component of local file names.
223 ** Options that previously unconditionally set or unset various flags
224 are now boolean options that can be invoked as either `--OPTION' or
225 `--no-OPTION'. Options that required an argument "on" or "off" have
226 also been changed this way, but they still accept the old syntax for
227 backward compatibility. For example, instead of `--glob=off' you can
230 Allowing `--no-OPTION' for every `--OPTION' and the other way around
231 is useful because it allows the user to override non-default behavior
232 specified via `.wgetrc'.
234 ** The new option `--keep-session-cookies' causes `--save-cookies' to
235 save session cookies (normally only kept in memory) along with the
236 permanent ones. This is useful because many sites track important
237 information, such as whether the user has authenticated, in session
238 cookies. With this option multiple Wget runs are treated as a single
241 ** Wget now supports the --ftp-user and --ftp-password command
242 switches to set username and password for FTP, and the --user and
243 --password command switches to set username and password for both FTP
244 and HTTP. The --http-passwd and --proxy-passwd command switches have
245 been renamed to --http-password and --proxy-password respectively, and
246 the related http_passwd and proxy_passwd .wgetrc commands to
247 http_password and proxy_password respectively. The login and passwd
248 .wgetrc commands have been deprecated.
250 * `wget -b' now works correctly under Windows.
252 * Wget 1.9.1 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
254 * Changes in Wget 1.9.
256 ** It is now possible to specify that POST method be used for HTTP
257 requests. For example, `wget --post-data="id=foo&data=bar" URL' will
258 send a POST request with the specified contents.
260 ** IPv6 support is available, although it's still experimental.
262 ** The `--timeout' option now also affects DNS lookup and establishing
263 the TCP connection. Previously it only affected reading and writing
264 data. Those three timeouts can be set separately using
265 `--dns-timeout', `--connection-timeout', and `--read-timeout',
268 ** Download speed shown by the progress bar is based on the data
269 recently read, rather than the average speed of the entire download.
270 The ETA projection is still based on the overall average.
272 ** It is now possible to connect to FTP servers through FWTK
273 firewalls. Set ftp_proxy to an FTP URL, and Wget will automatically
274 log on to the proxy as "username@host".
276 ** The new option `--retry-connrefused' makes Wget retry downloads
277 even in the face of refused connections, which are otherwise
278 considered a fatal error.
280 ** The new option `--no-dns-cache' may be used to prevent Wget from
283 ** Wget no longer escapes characters in local file names based on
284 whether they're appropriate in URLs. Escaping can still occur for
285 nonprintable characters or for '/', but no longer for frequent
286 characters such as space. You can use the new option
287 --restrict-file-names to relax or strengthen these rules, which can be
288 useful if you dislike the default or if you're downloading to
289 non-native partitions.
291 ** Handling of HTML comments has been dumbed down to conform to what
292 users expect and other browsers do: instead of being treated as SGML
293 declaration, a comment is terminated at the first occurrence of "-->".
294 Use `--strict-comments' to revert to the old behavior.
296 ** Wget now correctly handles relative URIs that begin with "//", such
297 as "//img.foo.com/foo.jpg".
299 ** Boolean options in `.wgetrc' and on the command line now accept
300 values "yes" and "no" along with the traditional "on" and "off".
302 ** It is now possible to specify decimal values for timeouts, waiting
303 periods, and download rate. For instance, `--wait=0.5' now works as
304 expected, as does `--dns-timeout=0.5' and even `--limit-rate=2.5k'.
306 * Wget 1.8.2 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
308 * Wget 1.8.1 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
310 * Changes in Wget 1.8.
312 ** A new progress indicator is now available and used by default.
313 You can choose the progress bar type with `--progress=TYPE'. Two
314 types are available, "bar" (the new default), and "dot" (the old
315 dotted indicator). You can permanently revert to the old progress
316 indicator by putting `progress = dot' in your `.wgetrc'.
318 ** You can limit the download rate of the retrieval using the
319 `--limit-rate' option. For example, `wget --limit-rate=15k URL' will
320 tell Wget not to download the body of the URL faster than 15 kilobytes
323 ** Recursive retrieval and link conversion have been revamped:
325 *** Wget now traverses links breadth-first. This makes the
326 calculation of depth much more reliable than before. Also, recursive
327 downloads are faster and consume *significantly* less memory than
330 *** Links are converted only when the entire retrieval is complete.
331 This is the only safe thing to do, as only then is it known what URLs
332 have been downloaded.
334 *** BASE tags are handled correctly when converting links. Since Wget
335 already resolves <base href="..."> when resolving handling URLs, link
336 conversion now makes the BASE tags point to an empty string.
338 *** HTML anchors are now handled correctly. Links to an anchor in the
339 same document (<a href="#anchorname">), which used to confuse Wget,
340 are now converted correctly.
342 *** When in page-requisites (-p) mode, no-parent (-np) is ignored when
343 retrieving for inline images, stylesheets, and other documents needed
346 *** Page-requisites (-p) mode now works with frames. In other words,
347 `wget -p URL-THAT-USES-FRAMES' will now download the frame HTML files,
348 and all the files that they need to be displayed properly.
350 ** `--base' now works conjunction with `--input-file', providing a
351 base for each URL and thereby allowing the URLs in the file to be
354 ** If a host has more than one IP address, Wget uses the other
355 addresses when accessing the first one fails.
357 ** Host directories now contain port information if the URL is at a
360 ** Wget now supports the robots.txt directives specified in
361 <http://www.robotstxt.org/wc/norobots-rfc.txt>.
363 ** URL parser has been fixed, especially the infamous overzealous
364 quoting. Wget no longer dequotes reserved characters, e.g. `%3F' is
365 no longer translated to `?', nor `%2B' to `+'. Unsafe characters
366 which are not reserved are still escaped, of course.
368 ** No more than 20 successive redirections are allowed.
370 * Wget 1.7.1 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
372 * Changes in Wget 1.7.
374 ** SSL (`https') pages now work if you compile Wget with SSL support;
375 use the `--with-ssl' configure flag. You need to have OpenSSL
378 ** Cookies are now supported. Wget will accept cookies sent by the
379 server and return them in later requests. Additionally, it can load
380 and save cookies to disk, in the same format that Netscape uses.
382 ** "Keep-alive" (persistent) HTTP connections are now supported.
383 Using keep-alive allows Wget to share one TCP/IP connection for
384 many retrievals, making multiple-file downloads faster and less
385 stressing for the server and the network.
387 ** Wget now recognizes FTP directory listings generated by NT and VMS
390 ** It is now possible to recurse through FTP sites where logging in
391 puts you in some directory other than '/'.
393 ** You may now use `~' to mean home directory in `.wgetrc'. For
394 example, `load_cookies = ~/.netscape/cookies.txt' works as you would
397 ** The HTML parser has been rewritten. The new one works more
398 reliably, allows finer-grained control over which tags and attributes
399 are detected, and has better support for some features like correctly
400 skipping comments and declarations, decoding entities, etc. It is
403 ** <meta name="robots"> tags are now respected.
405 ** Wget's internal tables now use hash tables instead of linked lists
406 where appropriate. This results in huge speedups when retrieving
407 large sites (thousands of documents).
409 ** Wget now has a man page, automatically generated from the Texinfo
410 documentation. (The last version that shipped with a man page was
411 1.4.5). To get this, you need to have pod2man from the Perl
412 distribution installed on your system.
414 * Changes in Wget 1.6
416 ** Administrative changes.
418 *** Maintainership. Due to Hrvoje being plagued with a "real job",
419 Dan Harkless is the most active maintainer (not that he doesn't have a
420 real job as well). Hrvoje still participates occasionally, and both
421 are being helped by many other people.
423 *** Web page. Thanks to Jan Prikryl, Wget has an "official" web page.
426 http://sunsite.dk/wget/
428 *** Anonymous CVS. Thanks to ever-helpful Karsten Thygesen, Wget
429 sources are now available at an anonymous CVS server. Take a look at
430 the web page for downloading instructions.
432 ** New -K / --backup-converted / backup_converted = on option causes files
433 modified due to -k to be saved with a .orig prefix before being changed. When
434 using -N as well, it is these .orig files that are compared against the server.
436 ** New --follow-tags / follow_tags = ... option allows you to restrict
437 Wget to following only certain HTML tags when doing a recursive
438 retrieval. -G / --ignore-tags / ignore_tags = ... is just the
439 opposite -- all tags but the ones you specify will be followed.
441 ** New --waitretry / waitretry = SECONDS option allows waiting between retries
442 of failed downloads. Wget will use "linear" backoff, waiting 1 second after the
443 first failure, 2 after the second, up to SECONDS. waitretry is set to 10 by
444 default in the system wgetrc.
446 ** New -p / --page-requisites / page_requisites = on option causes
447 Wget to download all ancillary files necessary to display a given HTML
448 page properly (e.g. inlined images).
450 ** New -E / --html-extension / html_extension = on option causes Wget
451 to append ".html" to text/html filenames not ending in regexp
452 "\.[Hh][Tt][Mm][Ll]?".
454 ** New type of .wgetrc command -- "lockable Boolean". Can be set to on, off,
455 always, or never. This allows the .wgetrc to override the commandline. So far,
456 passive_ftp is the only .wgetrc command which takes a lockable Boolean.
458 ** A number of new translation files have been added.
460 ** New --bind-address / bind_address = <address> option for people on hosts
461 bound to multiple IP addresses.
463 ** wget now accepts (illegal per HTTP spec) relative URLs in HTTP redirects.
465 * Wget 1.5.3 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
467 * Wget 1.5.2 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
469 * Wget 1.5.1 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
471 * Changes in Wget 1.5.0
473 ** Wget speaks many languages!
475 On systems with gettext(), Wget will output messages in the language
476 set by the current locale, if available. At this time we support
477 Czech, German, Croatian, Italian, Norwegian and Portuguese.
479 ** Opie (Skey) is now supported with FTP.
481 ** HTTP Digest Access Authentication (RFC2069) is now supported.
483 ** The new `-b' option makes Wget go to background automatically.
485 ** The `-I' and `-X' options now accept wildcard arguments.
487 ** The `-w' option now accepts suffixes `s' for seconds, `m' for
488 minutes, `h' for hours, `d' for days and `w' for weeks.
490 ** Upon getting SIGHUP, the whole previous log is now copied to
493 ** Wget now understands proxy settings with explicit usernames and
494 passwords, e.g. `http://user:password@proxy.foo.com/'.
496 ** You can use the new `--cut-dirs' option to make Wget create less
499 ** The `;type=a' appendix to FTP URLs is now recognized. For
500 instance, the following command will retrieve the welcoming message in
503 wget "ftp://ftp.somewhere.com/welcome.msg;type=a"
505 ** `--help' and `--version' options have been redone to to conform to
506 standards set by other GNU utilities.
508 ** Wget should now be compilable under MS Windows environment. MS
509 Visual C++ and Watcom C have been used successfully.
511 ** If the file length is known, percentages are displayed during
514 ** The manual page, now hopelessly out of date, is no longer
515 distributed with Wget.
517 * Wget 1.4.5 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
519 * Wget 1.4.4 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
521 * Changes in Wget 1.4.3
523 ** Wget is now a GNU utility.
525 ** Can do passive FTP.
529 ** Info documentation expanded.
531 ** Compiles on pre-ANSI compilers.
533 ** Global wgetrc now goes to /usr/local/etc (i.e. $sysconfdir).
537 * Changes in Wget 1.4.2
539 ** New mirror site at ftp://sunsite.auc.dk/pub/infosystems/wget/,
540 thanks to Karsten Thygesen.
542 ** Mailing list! Mail to wget-request@sunsite.auc.dk to subscribe.
544 ** New option --delete-after for proxy prefetching.
546 ** New option --retr-symlinks to retrieve symbolic links like plain
549 ** rmold.pl -- script to remove files deleted on the remote server
551 ** --convert-links should work now.
555 * Changes in Wget 1.4.1
559 ** Added -I (the opposite of -X).
561 ** Dot tracing is now customizable; try wget --dot-style=binary
563 * Changes in Wget 1.4.0
565 ** Wget 1.4.0 [formerly known as Geturl] is an extensive rewrite of
566 Geturl. Although many things look suspiciously similar, most of the
567 stuff was rewritten, like recursive retrieval, HTTP, FTP and mostly
568 everything else. Wget should be now easier to debug, maintain and,
569 most importantly, use.
571 ** Recursive HTTP should now work without glitches, even with Location
572 changes, server-generated directory listings and other naughty stuff.
574 ** HTTP regetting is supported on servers that support Range
575 specification. WWW authorization is supported -- try
576 wget http://user:password@hostname/
578 ** FTP support was rewritten and widely enhanced. Globbing should now
579 work flawlessly. Symbolic links are created locally. All the
580 information the Unix-style ls listing can give is now recognized.
582 ** Recursive FTP is supported, e.g.
583 wget -r ftp://gnjilux.cc.fer.hr/pub/unix/util/
585 ** You can specify "rejected" directories, to which you do not want to
586 enter, e.g. with wget -X /pub
588 ** Time-stamping is supported, with both HTTP and FTP. Try wget -N URL.
590 ** A new texinfo reference manual is provided. It can be read with
591 Emacs, standalone info, or converted to HTML, dvi or postscript.
593 ** Fixed a long-standing bug, so that Wget now works over SLIP
596 ** You can have a system-wide wgetrc (/usr/local/lib/wgetrc by
597 default). Settings in $HOME/.wgetrc override the global ones, of
600 ** You can set up quota in .wgetrc to prevent sucking too much
601 data. Try `quota = 5M' in .wgetrc (or quota = 100K if you want your
602 sysadmin to like you).
604 ** Download rate is printed after retrieval.
606 ** Wget now sends the `Referer' header when retrieving
609 ** With the new --no-parent option Wget can retrieve FTP recursively
610 through a proxy server.
612 ** HTML parser, as well as the whole of Wget was rewritten to be much
613 faster and less memory-consuming (yes, both).
615 ** Absolute links can be converted to relative links locally. Check
618 ** Wget catches hangup, filtering the output to a log file and
619 resuming work. Try kill -HUP %?wget.
621 ** User-defined headers can be sent. Try
623 wget http://fly.cc.her.hr/ --header='Accept-Charset: iso-8859-2'
625 ** Acceptance/Rejection lists may contain wildcards.
627 ** Wget can display HTTP headers and/or FTP server response with the
628 new `-S' option. It can save the original HTTP headers with `-s'.
630 ** socks library is now supported (thanks to Antonio Rosella
631 <Antonio.Rosella@agip.it>). Configure with --with-socks.
633 ** There is a nicer display of REST-ed output.
635 ** Many new options (like -x to force directory hierarchy, or -m to
636 turn on mirroring options).
638 ** Wget is now distributed under GNU General Public License (GPL).
640 ** Lots of small features I can't remember. :-)
642 ** A host of bugfixes.
644 * Changes in Geturl 1.3
646 ** Added FTP globbing support (ftp://fly.cc.fer.hr/*)
648 ** Added support for no_proxy
650 ** Added support for ftp://user:password@host/
652 ** Added support for %xx in URL syntax
654 ** More natural command-line options
656 ** Added -e switch to execute .geturlrc commands from the command-line
658 ** Added support for robots.txt
660 ** Fixed some minor bugs
662 * Geturl 1.2 is a bugfix release with no user-visible changes.
664 * Changes in Geturl 1.1
666 ** REST supported in FTP
668 ** Proxy servers supported
670 ** GNU getopt used, which enables command-line arguments to be ordered
671 as you wish, e.g. geturl http://fly.cc.fer.hr/ -vo log is the same as
672 geturl -vo log http://fly.cc.fer.hr/
674 ** Netscape-compatible URL syntax for HTTP supported: host[:port]/dir/file
676 ** NcFTP-compatible colon URL syntax for FTP supported: host:/dir/file
678 ** <base href="xxx"> supported
680 ** autoconf supported
682 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
683 Copyright information:
685 Copyright (C) 1997-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
687 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim
688 copies of this document as received, in any medium, provided that
689 the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved, thus
690 giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn.
692 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions of this
693 document, or of portions of it, under the above conditions,
694 provided also that they carry prominent notices stating who last