Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
Invariant Sections being ``GNU General Public License'' and ``GNU Free
Documentation License'', with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
@end titlepage
@ifnottex
-@node Top, Overview, (dir), (dir)
+@node Top
@top Wget @value{VERSION}
This manual documents version @value{VERSION} of GNU Wget, the freely
@menu
* Overview:: Features of Wget.
* Invoking:: Wget command-line arguments.
-* Recursive Retrieval:: Description of recursive retrieval.
+* Recursive Download:: Downloading interlinked pages.
* Following Links:: The available methods of chasing links.
* Time-Stamping:: Mirroring according to time-stamps.
* Startup File:: Wget's initialization file.
@end menu
@end ifnottex
-@node Overview, Invoking, Top, Top
+@node Overview
@chapter Overview
@cindex overview
@cindex features
(@pxref{Copying}).
@end itemize
-@node Invoking, Recursive Retrieval, Overview, Top
+@node Invoking
@chapter Invoking
@cindex invoking
@cindex command line
* Recursive Accept/Reject Options::
@end menu
-@node URL Format, Option Syntax, Invoking, Invoking
+@node URL Format
@section URL Format
@cindex URL
@cindex URL syntax
not know which one to use, just use the plain ordinary format you use
with your favorite browser, like @code{Lynx} or @code{Netscape}.
-@node Option Syntax, Basic Startup Options, URL Format, Invoking
+@node Option Syntax
@section Option Syntax
@cindex option syntax
@cindex syntax of options
@c man begin OPTIONS
-@node Basic Startup Options, Logging and Input File Options, Option Syntax, Invoking
+@node Basic Startup Options
@section Basic Startup Options
@table @samp
them.
@end table
-@node Logging and Input File Options, Download Options, Basic Startup Options, Invoking
+@node Logging and Input File Options
@section Logging and Input File Options
@table @samp
links in the file specified by @samp{-i}.
@end table
-@node Download Options, Directory Options, Logging and Input File Options, Invoking
+@node Download Options
@section Download Options
@table @samp
The documents will not be written to the appropriate files, but all will
be concatenated together and written to @var{file}. If @var{file}
already exists, it will be overwritten. If the @var{file} is @samp{-},
-the documents will be written to standard output. Including this option
-automatically sets the number of tries to 1.
+the documents will be written to standard output.
@cindex clobbering, file
@cindex downloading multiple times
the OS to use as file name restriction mode.
@end table
-@node Directory Options, HTTP Options, Download Options, Invoking
+@node Directory Options
@section Directory Options
@table @samp
directories beginning with @file{fly.srk.fer.hr/}. This option disables
such behavior.
+@item --protocol-directories
+Use the protocol name as a directory component of local file names. For
+example, with this option, @samp{wget -r http://@var{host}} will save to
+@samp{http/@var{host}/...} rather than just to @samp{@var{host}/...}.
+
+Disable generation of host-prefixed directories. By default, invoking
+Wget with @samp{-r http://fly.srk.fer.hr/} will create a structure of
+directories beginning with @file{fly.srk.fer.hr/}. This option disables
+such behavior.
+
@cindex cut directories
@item --cut-dirs=@var{number}
Ignore @var{number} directory components. This is useful for getting a
current directory).
@end table
-@node HTTP Options, FTP Options, Directory Options, Invoking
+@node HTTP Options
@section HTTP Options
@table @samp
@end example
@end table
-@node FTP Options, Recursive Retrieval Options, HTTP Options, Invoking
+@node FTP Options
@section FTP Options
@table @samp
@cindex .listing files, removing
-@item -nr
-@itemx --dont-remove-listing
+@item --no-remove-listing
Don't remove the temporary @file{.listing} files generated by @sc{ftp}
retrievals. Normally, these files contain the raw directory listings
received from @sc{ftp} servers. Not removing them can be useful for
case.
@end table
-@node Recursive Retrieval Options, Recursive Accept/Reject Options, FTP Options, Invoking
+@node Recursive Retrieval Options
@section Recursive Retrieval Options
@table @samp
@item -r
@itemx --recursive
-Turn on recursive retrieving. @xref{Recursive Retrieval}, for more
+Turn on recursive retrieving. @xref{Recursive Download}, for more
details.
@item -l @var{depth}
@itemx --level=@var{depth}
Specify recursion maximum depth level @var{depth} (@pxref{Recursive
-Retrieval}). The default maximum depth is 5.
+Download}). The default maximum depth is 5.
@cindex proxy filling
@cindex delete after retrieval
Turn on options suitable for mirroring. This option turns on recursion
and time-stamping, sets infinite recursion depth and keeps @sc{ftp}
directory listings. It is currently equivalent to
-@samp{-r -N -l inf -nr}.
+@samp{-r -N -l inf --no-remove-listing}.
@cindex page requisites
@cindex required images, downloading
option to turn it on.
@end table
-@node Recursive Accept/Reject Options, , Recursive Retrieval Options, Invoking
+@node Recursive Accept/Reject Options
@section Recursive Accept/Reject Options
@table @samp
@c man end
-@node Recursive Retrieval, Following Links, Invoking, Top
-@chapter Recursive Retrieval
+@node Recursive Download
+@chapter Recursive Download
@cindex recursion
@cindex retrieving
-@cindex recursive retrieval
+@cindex recursive download
GNU Wget is capable of traversing parts of the Web (or a single
@sc{http} or @sc{ftp} server), following links and directory structure.
Recursive retrieval should be used with care. Don't say you were not
warned.
-@node Following Links, Time-Stamping, Recursive Retrieval, Top
+@node Following Links
@chapter Following Links
@cindex links
@cindex following links
* FTP Links:: Following FTP links.
@end menu
-@node Spanning Hosts, Types of Files, Following Links, Following Links
+@node Spanning Hosts
@section Spanning Hosts
@cindex spanning hosts
@cindex hosts, spanning
@end table
-@node Types of Files, Directory-Based Limits, Spanning Hosts, Following Links
+@node Types of Files
@section Types of Files
@cindex types of files
files; Wget must load all the @sc{html}s to know where to go at
all---recursive retrieval would make no sense otherwise.
-@node Directory-Based Limits, Relative Links, Types of Files, Following Links
+@node Directory-Based Limits
@section Directory-Based Limits
@cindex directories
@cindex directory limits
intelligent fashion.
@end table
-@node Relative Links, FTP Links, Directory-Based Limits, Following Links
+@node Relative Links
@section Relative Links
@cindex relative links
This option is probably not very useful and might be removed in a future
release.
-@node FTP Links, , Relative Links, Following Links
+@node FTP Links
@section Following FTP Links
@cindex following ftp links
Also note that followed links to @sc{ftp} directories will not be
retrieved recursively further.
-@node Time-Stamping, Startup File, Following Links, Top
+@node Time-Stamping
@chapter Time-Stamping
@cindex time-stamping
@cindex timestamping
* FTP Time-Stamping Internals::
@end menu
-@node Time-Stamping Usage, HTTP Time-Stamping Internals, Time-Stamping, Time-Stamping
+@node Time-Stamping Usage
@section Time-Stamping Usage
@cindex time-stamping usage
@cindex usage, time-stamping
directory listing with dates in a format that Wget can parse
(@pxref{FTP Time-Stamping Internals}).
-@node HTTP Time-Stamping Internals, FTP Time-Stamping Internals, Time-Stamping Usage, Time-Stamping
+@node HTTP Time-Stamping Internals
@section HTTP Time-Stamping Internals
@cindex http time-stamping
Arguably, @sc{http} time-stamping should be implemented using the
@code{If-Modified-Since} request.
-@node FTP Time-Stamping Internals, , HTTP Time-Stamping Internals, Time-Stamping
+@node FTP Time-Stamping Internals
@section FTP Time-Stamping Internals
@cindex ftp time-stamping
@code{wu-ftpd}), which returns the exact time of the specified file.
Wget may support this command in the future.
-@node Startup File, Examples, Time-Stamping, Top
+@node Startup File
@chapter Startup File
@cindex startup file
@cindex wgetrc
* Sample Wgetrc:: A wgetrc example.
@end menu
-@node Wgetrc Location, Wgetrc Syntax, Startup File, Startup File
+@node Wgetrc Location
@section Wgetrc Location
@cindex wgetrc location
@cindex location of wgetrc
system-wide wgetrc (in @file{/usr/local/etc/wgetrc} by default).
Fascist admins, away!
-@node Wgetrc Syntax, Wgetrc Commands, Wgetrc Location, Startup File
+@node Wgetrc Syntax
@section Wgetrc Syntax
@cindex wgetrc syntax
@cindex syntax of wgetrc
reject =
@end example
-@node Wgetrc Commands, Sample Wgetrc, Wgetrc Syntax, Startup File
+@node Wgetrc Commands
@section Wgetrc Commands
@cindex wgetrc commands
Set the type of the progress indicator. Legal types are ``dot'' and
``bar''.
+@item protocol_directories = on/off
+When set, use the protocol name as a directory component of local file
+names. The same as @samp{--protocol-directories}.
+
@item proxy_user = @var{string}
Set proxy authentication user name to @var{string}, like @samp{--proxy-user}.
@item remove_listing = on/off
If set to on, remove @sc{ftp} listings downloaded by Wget. Setting it
-to off is the same as @samp{-nr}.
+to off is the same as @samp{--no-remove-listing}.
@item restrict_file_names = unix/windows
Restrict the file names generated by Wget from URLs. See
@samp{--random-wait}.
@end table
-@node Sample Wgetrc, , Wgetrc Commands, Startup File
+@node Sample Wgetrc
@section Sample Wgetrc
@cindex sample wgetrc
@include sample.wgetrc.munged_for_texi_inclusion
@end example
-@node Examples, Various, Startup File, Top
+@node Examples
@chapter Examples
@cindex examples
* Very Advanced Usage:: The hairy stuff.
@end menu
-@node Simple Usage, Advanced Usage, Examples, Examples
+@node Simple Usage
@section Simple Usage
@itemize @bullet
@end example
@end itemize
-@node Advanced Usage, Very Advanced Usage, Simple Usage, Examples
+@node Advanced Usage
@section Advanced Usage
@itemize @bullet
@end example
More verbose, but the effect is the same. @samp{-r -l1} means to
-retrieve recursively (@pxref{Recursive Retrieval}), with maximum depth
+retrieve recursively (@pxref{Recursive Download}), with maximum depth
of 1. @samp{--no-parent} means that references to the parent directory
are ignored (@pxref{Directory-Based Limits}), and @samp{-A.gif} means to
download only the @sc{gif} files. @samp{-A "*.gif"} would have worked
@end example
@end itemize
-@node Very Advanced Usage, , Advanced Usage, Examples
+@node Very Advanced Usage
@section Very Advanced Usage
@cindex mirroring
@end itemize
@c man end
-@node Various, Appendices, Examples, Top
+@node Various
@chapter Various
@cindex various
* Signals:: Signal-handling performed by Wget.
@end menu
-@node Proxies, Distribution, Various, Various
+@node Proxies
@section Proxies
@cindex proxies
settings @code{proxy_user} and @code{proxy_passwd} to set the proxy
username and password.
-@node Distribution, Mailing List, Proxies, Various
+@node Distribution
@section Distribution
@cindex latest version
Wget @value{VERSION} can be found at
@url{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/wget/wget-@value{VERSION}.tar.gz}
-@node Mailing List, Reporting Bugs, Distribution, Various
+@node Mailing List
@section Mailing List
@cindex mailing list
@cindex list
Alternative archive is available at
@url{http://www.mail-archive.com/wget%40sunsite.auc.dk/}.
-@node Reporting Bugs, Portability, Mailing List, Various
+@node Reporting Bugs
@section Reporting Bugs
@cindex bugs
@cindex reporting bugs
@end enumerate
@c man end
-@node Portability, Signals, Reporting Bugs, Various
+@node Portability
@section Portability
@cindex portability
@cindex operating systems
-Since Wget uses GNU Autoconf for building and configuring, and avoids
-using ``special'' ultra--mega--cool features of any particular Unix, it
-should compile (and work) on all common Unix flavors.
+Like all GNU software, Wget works on the GNU system. However, since it
+uses GNU Autoconf for building and configuring, and mostly avoids using
+``special'' features of any particular Unix, it should compile (and
+work) on all common Unix flavors.
Various Wget versions have been compiled and tested under many kinds of
-Unix systems, including Solaris, Linux, SunOS, OSF (aka Digital Unix),
-Ultrix, *BSD, IRIX, and others; refer to the file @file{MACHINES} in the
-distribution directory for a comprehensive list. If you compile it on
-an architecture not listed there, please let me know so I can update it.
+Unix systems, including Solaris, GNU/Linux, SunOS, OSF (aka Digital Unix
+or Tru64), Ultrix, *BSD, IRIX, AIX, and others; refer to the file
+@file{MACHINES} in the distribution directory for a comprehensive list.
+If you compile it on an architecture not listed there, please let me
+know so I can update it.
Wget should also compile on the other Unix systems, not listed in
@file{MACHINES}. If it doesn't, please let me know.
Thanks to kind contributors, this version of Wget compiles and works on
Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows NT platforms. It has been compiled
-successfully using MS Visual C++ 4.0, Watcom, and Borland C compilers,
+successfully using MS Visual C++ 6.0, Watcom, and Borland C compilers,
with Winsock as networking software. Naturally, it is crippled of some
features available on Unix, but it should work as a substitute for
people stuck with Windows. Note that the Windows port is
@strong{neither tested nor maintained} by me---all questions and
-problems should be reported to Wget mailing list at
-@email{wget@@sunsite.dk} where the maintainers will look at them.
+problems in Windows usage should be reported to Wget mailing list at
+@email{wget@@sunsite.dk} where the volunteers who maintain the
+Windows-related features might look at them.
-@node Signals, , Portability, Various
+@node Signals
@section Signals
@cindex signal handling
@cindex hangup
Other than that, Wget will not try to interfere with signals in any way.
@kbd{C-c}, @code{kill -TERM} and @code{kill -KILL} should kill it alike.
-@node Appendices, Copying, Various, Top
+@node Appendices
@chapter Appendices
This chapter contains some references I consider useful.
* Contributors:: People who helped.
@end menu
-@node Robot Exclusion, Security Considerations, Appendices, Appendices
+@node Robot Exclusion
@section Robot Exclusion
@cindex robot exclusion
@cindex robots.txt
@file{.wgetrc}. You can achieve the same effect from the command line
using the @code{-e} switch, e.g. @samp{wget -e robots=off @var{url}...}.
-@node Security Considerations, Contributors, Robot Exclusion, Appendices
+@node Security Considerations
@section Security Considerations
@cindex security
me).
@end enumerate
-@node Contributors, , Security Considerations, Appendices
+@node Contributors
@section Contributors
@cindex contributors
Edward J. Sabol,
Heinz Salzmann,
Robert Schmidt,
+Nicolas Schodet,
Andreas Schwab,
Chris Seawood,
Toomas Soome,
Apologies to all who I accidentally left out, and many thanks to all the
subscribers of the Wget mailing list.
-@node Copying, Concept Index, Appendices, Top
+@node Copying
@chapter Copying
@cindex copying
@cindex GPL
@cindex GFDL
@cindex free software
-GNU Wget is licensed under the GNU GPL, which makes it @dfn{free
-software}.
-
-Please note that ``free'' in ``free software'' refers to liberty, not
-price. As some GNU project advocates like to point out, think of ``free
-speech'' rather than ``free beer''. The exact and legally binding
-distribution terms are spelled out below; in short, you have the right
-(freedom) to run and change Wget and distribute it to other people, and
-even---if you want---charge money for doing either. The important
-restriction is that you have to grant your recipients the same rights
-and impose the same restrictions.
-
-This method of licensing software is also known as @dfn{open source}
-because, among other things, it makes sure that all recipients will
-receive the source code along with the program, and be able to improve
-it. The GNU project prefers the term ``free software'' for reasons
-outlined at
+GNU Wget is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL),
+which makes it @dfn{free software}. Please note that ``free'' in ``free
+software'' refers to liberty, not price. As some people like to point
+out, it's the ``free'' of ``free speech'', not the ``free'' of ``free
+beer''.
+
+The exact and legally binding distribution terms are spelled out below.
+The GPL guarantees that you have the right (freedom) to run and change
+GNU Wget and distribute it to others, and even---if you want---charge
+money for doing any of those things. With these rights comes the
+obligation to distribute the source code along with the software and to
+grant your recipients the same rights and impose the same restrictions.
+
+This licensing model is also known as @dfn{open source} because it,
+among other things, makes sure that all recipients will receive the
+source code along with the program, and be able to improve it. The GNU
+project prefers the term ``free software'' for reasons outlined at
@url{http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html}.
The exact license terms are defined by this paragraph and the GNU
@quotation
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
Invariant Sections being ``GNU General Public License'' and ``GNU Free
Documentation License'', with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
* GNU Free Documentation License::
@end menu
-@node GNU General Public License, GNU Free Documentation License, Copying, Copying
+@node GNU General Public License
@section GNU General Public License
@center Version 2, June 1991
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
Public License instead of this License.
-@node GNU Free Documentation License, , GNU General Public License, Copying
-@section GNU Free Documentation License
-@center Version 1.1, March 2000
-
-@display
-Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
-
-Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
-of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
-@end display
-@sp 1
-@enumerate 0
-@item
-PREAMBLE
-
-The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
-written document ``free'' in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone
-the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without
-modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily,
-this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get
-credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for
-modifications made by others.
-
-This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivative
-works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
-complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
-license designed for free software.
-
-We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
-software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
-program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
-software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
-it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
-whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
-principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
-
-@sp 1
-@item
-APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
-
-This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a
-notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed
-under the terms of this License. The ``Document'', below, refers to any
-such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is
-addressed as ``you''.
-
-A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing the
-Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
-modifications and/or translated into another language.
-
-A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
-the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
-publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject
-(or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly
-within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a
-textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
-mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
-connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
-commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
-them.
-
-The ``Invariant Sections'' are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
-are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
-that says that the Document is released under this License.
-
-The ``Cover Texts'' are certain short passages of text that are listed,
-as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
-the Document is released under this License.
-
-A ``Transparent'' copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
-represented in a format whose specification is available to the
-general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and
-straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
-pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
-drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
-for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
-to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
-format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage
-subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is
-not ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque''.
-
-Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
-@sc{ascii} without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, @sc{sgml}
-or @sc{xml} using a publicly available @sc{dtd}, and standard-conforming simple
-@sc{html} designed for human modification. Opaque formats include
-PostScript, @sc{pdf}, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only
-by proprietary word processors, @sc{sgml} or @sc{xml} for which the @sc{dtd} and/or
-processing tools are not generally available, and the
-machine-generated @sc{html} produced by some word processors for output
-purposes only.
-
-The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
-plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
-this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
-formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means
-the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
-preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
-@sp 1
-@item
-VERBATIM COPYING
-
-You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
-commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
-copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
-to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
-conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
-technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
-copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
-compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
-number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
-
-You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
-you may publicly display copies.
-@sp 1
-@item
-COPYING IN QUANTITY
-
-If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100,
-and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose
-the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
-Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
-the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
-you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
-the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
-visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
-Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
-the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
-as verbatim copying in other respects.
-
-If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
-legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
-reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
-pages.
-
-If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
-more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
-copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
-a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete
-Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the
-general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no
-charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter
-option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin
-distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this
-Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location
-until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque
-copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to
-the public.
-
-It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
-Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
-them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
-@sp 1
-@item
-MODIFICATIONS
-
-You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
-the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
-the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
-Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
-and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
-of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
-
-A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
- from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
- (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
- of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
- if the original publisher of that version gives permission.@*
-B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
- responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
- Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
- Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five).@*
-C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
- Modified Version, as the publisher.@*
-D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.@*
-E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
- adjacent to the other copyright notices.@*
-F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
- giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
- terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.@*
-G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
- and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.@*
-H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.@*
-I. Preserve the section entitled ``History'', and its title, and add to
- it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
- publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
- there is no section entitled ``History'' in the Document, create one
- stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
- given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
- Version as stated in the previous sentence.@*
-J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
- public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
- the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
- it was based on. These may be placed in the ``History'' section.
- You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
- least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
- publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.@*
-K. In any section entitled ``Acknowledgements'' or ``Dedications'',
- preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the
- substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
- and/or dedications given therein.@*
-L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
- unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
- or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.@*
-M. Delete any section entitled ``Endorsements''. Such a section
- may not be included in the Modified Version.@*
-N. Do not retitle any existing section as ``Endorsements''
- or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.@*
-@sp 1
-If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
-appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
-copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
-of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
-list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
-These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
-
-You may add a section entitled ``Endorsements'', provided it contains
-nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
-parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
-been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
-standard.
-
-You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
-passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
-of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
-Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
-through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
-includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
-by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
-you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
-permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
-
-The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
-give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
-imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
-@sp 1
-@item
-COMBINING DOCUMENTS
-
-You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
-License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
-versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
-Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
-list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
-license notice.
-
-The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
-multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
-copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
-different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
-adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
-author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
-Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
-Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
-
-In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled ``History''
-in the various original documents, forming one section entitled
-``History''; likewise combine any sections entitled ``Acknowledgements'',
-and any sections entitled ``Dedications''. You must delete all sections
-entitled ``Endorsements.''
-@sp 1
-@item
-COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
-
-You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
-released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
-License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
-the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
-verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
-
-You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
-it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
-License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
-other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
-@sp 1
-@item
-AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
-
-A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
-and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
-distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version
-of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the
-compilation. Such a compilation is called an ``aggregate'', and this
-License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled
-with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they
-are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
-
-If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
-copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter
-of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
-covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate.
-Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.
-@sp 1
-@item
-TRANSLATION
-
-Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
-distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
-Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
-permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
-translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
-original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
-translation of this License provided that you also include the
-original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement
-between the translation and the original English version of this
-License, the original English version will prevail.
-@sp 1
-@item
-TERMINATION
-
-You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
-as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to
-copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
-automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
-parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
-License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
-parties remain in full compliance.
-@sp 1
-@item
-FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
-
-The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
-of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
-versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
-differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
-http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
-
-Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
-If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
-License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of
-following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
-of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
-Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
-number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
-as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-@unnumberedsec ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
-
-To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
-the License in the document and put the following copyright and
-license notices just after the title page:
-
-@smallexample
-@group
-
- Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{your name}.
- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
- with the Invariant Sections being @var{list their titles}, with the
- Front-Cover Texts being @var{list}, and with the Back-Cover Texts being @var{list}.
- A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
- Free Documentation License''.
-@end group
-@end smallexample
-If you have no Invariant Sections, write ``with no Invariant Sections''
-instead of saying which ones are invariant. If you have no
-Front-Cover Texts, write ``no Front-Cover Texts'' instead of
-``Front-Cover Texts being @var{list}''; likewise for Back-Cover Texts.
-
-If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
-recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
-free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
-to permit their use in free software.
-
+@include fdl.texi
-@node Concept Index, , Copying, Top
+@node Concept Index
@unnumbered Concept Index
@printindex cp
projects / wget / blobdiff